With the research on the law of population growth in Japanese society, it is found that the birth rate of newborns in the whole Japanese society shows a serious trend of decline, which leads to the continuous decrease of the number of young people, while the number of senior older people keeps increasing, and the total population will show a decreasing trend in the future.In view of this phenomenon of the aging population with fewer children, all aspects of social and economic development will be greatly affected, and the social and economic form will inevitably appear many changes.This paper is prepared as a discussion on how the social economic would evolve in our older society with fewer children. It is important to understand our economic changes, instead of being simply depressive when facing the change :
I. Social background of the old people fewer children
Since the late 1970 s, Japan's new population has been declining, aging has become one of Japan's social problems, with the continuous improvement of living conditions and quality of life, Japan constantly increase in the elderly, the elderly over the age of 65 proportion accounted for 20% of the total population in Japan, which is currently the aging phenomenon is one of the most serious countries in the world.
On the other hand, as Japan is a country of high consumption, many young couples do not choose to have children or have a second child, because it is very expensive to raise a child from birth to graduation from university.All of these things will make everyone in Japan feel that the problem of the aging of young children is around us, and it is getting worse.
II. The transformation of the social and economic pattern of the aging people and fewer children
A. Current situation and development trend of the senility and fewer children
There are 35.57 million people over 65 years old, accounting for 28.1% of the total population.Japan has the lowest number of children and the highest number of elderly people for the first time, ranking first in the world, according to a survey of 192 countries and regions conducted by the international federation.
B. Effects of aging and fewer children on social and economic activities
1.Although the aging and fewer children has to some extent solved the traffic congestion, housing tension and environmental pollution caused by the large population, especially threatened the development of industries with relatively dense labor force and high demands on physical activity.
2. The aging of young children will also lead to changes in the age structure of the population, which will increase the social burden. The increase and decrease of the population of high and low ages will also bring pressure to the working population and increase the burden of old-age care for the society and enterprises.It directly affects the economic benefits of enterprises and finally leads to the decline of Japanese economic growth rate.
3. The aging of young children increases the pension burden.Much of Japan's fiscal spending goes to pay for social security, mainly pensions and health care.As the number of elderly people increases, so does the number of pensioners.Adding to Japan's already troubled fiscal burden.
4. Since the 1960s, the Japanese government has adopted the universal medical insurance system. In the 1980s, it further improved the system and established an independent old-age insurance system. With the increasing number of the elderly, the government is bound to get into further financial difficulties.
5. While the aging and fewer children brings many economic problems, it also brings pension economy, healthy economy and other emerging economic opportunities.These emerging economic opportunities are a positive aspect of the evolution of social-economic patterns.Especially for the household consumer goods manufacturing industry, it will be a huge business opportunity to seriously consider the products to cope with the aging age of young children.
III. Social and economic problems caused by the aging and fewer children.
A. As the proportion of population aging continues to rise, the elderly population index will be close to 40% at that time, accompanied by an increase in the burden of the social working population. From the perspective of the aging trend of Japan, the phenomenon of "empty nest" elderly is widespread, which also brings certain influences to the society.A large number of elderly people need corresponding elderly care services, which is a huge business opportunity.
B. Insufficient physical labor and excessive mental labor.
The phenomenon of the aging of young children is becoming increasingly serious. The labor supply in Japan will mainly be middle-aged and elderly people. As the elderly lack physical strength, they have too much brain power meanwhile.
IV、We should look at the society with young children and an advanced age rationally and grasp the law of the evolution of social and economic forms
To sum up, the aging of young children is an important challenge that Japanese society will have to face in the future.The problem of the aging of young children is negative for the society as a whole. However, it also contains some emerging economic patterns, such as the economic opportunities of old-age care services, the social needs of various articles for the elderly, and so on.It is very important for Japan's future social and economic development to correctly understand the aging society of young children.We should not simply exaggerate the negative impact of the young children and the elderly society, but more importantly, we should adapt to and solve this problem, and understand the opportunities. This process is not only the responsibility of the Japanese government, but also the need for all enterprises and citizens to seriously consider and face.